Blaine Aquifer:

The Blaine Aquifer is composed of anhydrite and gypsum with interbedded dolomite and clay and is an important source of groundwater in the District. The Blaine Formation crops out in a band from Wheeler County south through Collingsworth and Childress Counties to Fisher County and extends westward in the subsurface to adjacent counties. In Collingsworth County the Blaine is found along the Salt Fork of Red River north to Wheeler County and east to the Oklahoma state line. The Blaine is also found South and East of Wellington, extending east to the Oklahoma state line and south to the Prairie Dog Town Fork of the Red River. There are also small areas in the northeast and southeast corners of Hall County. Recharge occurs fairly rapidly and travels primarily in the numerous solution channels of the Blaine under water‐table conditions. 

Overall water quality is poor and salinity may be high, limiting the use of water for human and livestock consumption. Depth to water ranges from a few feet to greater than 200 feet. Well depths range up to 300 feet below ground surface. Well yields vary from a few gallons per minute up to 1,000 gallons per minute. Although water in storage is generally under water‐table conditions, larger yields are often associated with those areas of the aquifer that are confined by relatively impervious beds. Dry holes or wells of low yield are commonly found adjacent to wells of moderate to high yields because of the uneven nature in confining beds and the occurrence of the water in solution zones. Groundwater not intercepted by wells tends to discharge naturally in areas of lower topography through seeps and springs. The Blaine Aquifer comprises about twenty four percent of the District area and provides about nineteen percent of the irrigation water pumped in the District.